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Intended audience Those who will be working with Native students or families in either education or social work settings. Implementation The case can be taught in a variety of ways including role playing or small group discussion or through individual responses to the case. Three approaches are suggested below: 1. Small group discussion around set questions Who are the major stakeholders in this case? What are their goals and issues? Is this case an example of cross-cultural miscommunication? Why? Why not? How can cross-cultural miscommunication be resolved? What are some of the nonacademic barriers to student achievement you see in this case? What are the principal’s goals? Did he provide appropriate support to address the issues? Where might Debbie have made alternate decisions in this case that would have made a difference? 2. Role play a) Imagine you are about to make a call to Mikey’s home regarding his poor attendance. Plan how you will begin this conversation. b) Take on the roles of the members of the SST, especially the teacher, mother, grandmother, Indian Education Specialist employed by the district. Role play the February 14 meeting of this team c) Imagine you are Mikey’s teacher the following year and you know this history. What steps might you take to improve his attendance record and achievement? d) What went wrong ? Was there a turning point in the case? If so what/when was it? Try to go back to that point and play the case out differently. 3. Additional research Investigate the “Becca” Bill in the State of Washington and its implications for schools and teachers. Explore “NCLB”’s approach to failing schools in general and attendance in particular. What are the strengths and weaknesses from the standpoint of this case? Investigate what legal recourse the school might have, given the Becca Bill, including whether or not the child may be retained without parental permission or whether the child can be tested for Special Education without parental consent. Additional Resources and References Attached school district forms “No Child Left Behind” Elementary and Secondary Education Act at  HYPERLINK "http://www.ed.gov/policy/elsec/leg/esea02/index.html" http://www.ed.gov/policy/elsec/leg/esea02/index.html “Becca” Bill at  HYPERLINK "http://www.k12.wa.us/truancy/resources.aspx" http://www.k12.wa.us/truancy/resources.aspx  Lisa Queen is an elementary teacher at a predominantly Native American school in Western Washington. This case and the teaching notes are open source and available for free use in educational settings but please provide appropriate attribution. 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